Japanese encephalitis virus cDNA and Antigen

Japanese encephalitis virus is a type of flavivirus that can cause a severe form of brain inflammation (encephalitis) in humans and animals. It is transmitted by mosquitoes and is commonly found in Asia, particularly in rural areas where pigs and mosquitoes come into close contact with humans. Symptoms of Japanese encephalitis include fever, headache, confusion, and seizures. In severe cases, it can lead to permanent neurological damage or death. A vaccine is available for travel to areas where the virus is endemic, and mosquito avoidance measures can help prevent infection.

Japanese encephalitis virus antigen refers to a protein or substance present on the surface of the virus that can trigger an immune response. Antigens can be used in diagnostic tests to identify the presence of the virus and in vaccine development to stimulate immunity against the virus. In the case of Japanese encephalitis virus, the detection of viral antigens in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid can confirm a diagnosis of infection. The development of a vaccine against the virus has been successful due to the ability to produce recombinant antigens that mimic the viral proteins and stimulate a protective immune response.

The Japanese encephalitis virus genome is the genetic material that makes up the virus and determines its characteristics and behavior. The genome of Japanese encephalitis virus is composed of RNA and encodes for the viral proteins that are involved in replication, immune evasion, and other essential functions of the virus. The study of the Japanese encephalitis virus genome has provided insights into the biology of the virus and the evolution of related flaviviruses, and has led to the development of diagnostic tests and new treatment strategies. Understanding the Japanese encephalitis virus genome is also important for predicting the emergence of new strains and monitoring the spread of the virus in endemic areas.The virus contains several proteins that play important roles in its replication and pathogenesis.

One of these proteins is Nonstructural protein 5 (NS5), which has both methyltransferase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activities and is essential for viral RNA synthesis.

The NS1 protein is a glycoprotein that is secreted from infected cells and has been shown to modulate the host immune response, including inhibiting complement activation and interferon signaling.

The small envelope protein M is a transmembrane protein that is involved in virus assembly and release, and also interacts with host proteins to modulate the host immune response.

Envelope protein E is a major structural protein of the virus and is involved in receptor binding and virus entry into host cells.

The non-structural proteins 1, 2A, 4B, and 4A are involved in various aspects of viral replication and evasion of the host immune response.

The serine protease subunit NS2B and serine protease subunit NS3 are involved in cleaving the viral polyprotein into individual proteins during viral replication.

Finally, protein C is a non-structural protein that has been shown to inhibit the host immune response, specifically by blocking the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway.

Understanding the functions and interactions of these Japanese encephalitis virus proteins is important for the development of effective treatments and vaccines for this disease.

The use of recombinant proteins/cDNA in academic research and therapeutic applications has skyrocketed. However, in heterologous expression systems, successful recombinant protein expression is dependent on a variety of factors, including codon preference, RNA secondary structure, and GC content. When compared to pre-optimization, more and more experimental results demonstrated that the expression level was dramatically increased, ranging from two to hundred times depending on the gene. Bioclone has created a proprietary technology platform that has resulted in the creation of over 6,000 artificially synthesized codon-optimized cDNA clones (cloned in E. coli expression Vector), which are ready for production of the recombinant proteins.