Enterococcus faecalis cDNA and Antigen

Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive bacterium that is commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. It is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections, including urinary tract infections, bacteremia, and endocarditis. E. faecalis has several antigens and proteins that are important for its pathogenesis, including:

Endocarditis-specific antigen (ESA): ESA is a cell surface antigen that is specific to E. faecalis strains that cause endocarditis. It has been proposed as a potential diagnostic marker for endocarditis caused by E. faecalis.

Surface antigens: E. faecalis has several surface antigens, including lipoteichoic acid (LTA), capsule polysaccharides, and pili. These antigens are involved in bacterial adhesion, colonization, and evasion of the host immune system.

D-Ala:D-Ala ligase: This enzyme is involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a critical component of the bacterial cell wall. It is the target of several antimicrobial agents, including vancomycin and β-lactams.

Vancomycin B-type resistance protein vanB: This protein is one of the genes involved in vancomycin resistance in E. faecalis strains. Vancomycin is an antibiotic of last resort, and the emergence of vancomycin-resistant strains of E. faecalis is a serious public health concern.

Gelatinase: This enzyme is a zinc-dependent metalloprotease that is involved in bacterial virulence. It degrades extracellular matrix components and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several E. faecalis infections.

Cytoplasmic antigen A (CylA): CylA is a virulence factor that is involved in the lysis of host cells and the release of bacterial cells into the bloodstream. It is important for the development of bacteremia and endocarditis caused by E. faecalis.

Overall, these antigens and proteins play critical roles in the pathogenesis of E. faecalis infections, including bacterial attachment, colonization, evasion of the host immune system, and resistance to antimicrobial agents. Understanding these factors is crucial for the development of new treatments and diagnostic tools for E. faecalis infections.

The use of recombinant proteins/cDNA in academic research and therapeutic applications has skyrocketed. However, in heterologous expression systems, successful recombinant protein expression is dependent on a variety of factors, including codon preference, RNA secondary structure, and GC content. When compared to pre-optimization, more and more experimental results demonstrated that the expression level was dramatically increased, ranging from two to hundred times depending on the gene. Bioclone has created a proprietary technology platform that has resulted in the creation of over 6,000 artificially synthesized codon-optimized cDNA clones (cloned in E. coli expression Vector), which are ready for production of the recombinant proteins.

Enterococcus faecalis cDNA and recombinant antigen can be applied in a variety of ways, depending on the specific research goals. For example, cDNA can be used in gene cloning and expression studies, while recombinant antigen can be used to detect and measure antibody levels in a variety of biological samples. cDNA and recombinant antigen can also be used to develop diagnostic and therapeutic products, such as vaccines, antibiotics, and diagnostic tests. In addition, cDNA and recombinant antigen can be used to study the biology and pathogenesis of Enterococcus faecalis, as well as to identify novel genes and proteins involved in virulence and disease.