Brucella canis cDNA and Antigen

Brucella canis is a species of bacteria that causes the disease brucellosis in dogs and can be spread to humans. This disease is characterized by fever, joint pain, lethargy, and loss of appetite, and can cause infertility in both dogs and humans. In dogs, the bacteria can be spread through contact with an infected dog’s urine, blood, or semen, or through contact with aborted puppies, placentae, or contaminated bedding. In humans, the bacteria can be spread through contact with an infected dog’s blood, urine, or mucous membranes, or through contact with contaminated objects, such as needles. Treatment for Brucella canis infection in dogs usually involves antibiotics, and treatment for humans usually involves antibiotics and a vaccine.

Brucella canis can also infect humans. The bacterium produces various surface antigens, including 17 kDa and 25 kDa outer-membrane immunogenic proteins, as well as surface antigen D15, that play a critical role in the immune response to the infection.

The 17 kDa surface antigen is one of the most well-studied antigens of Brucella canis. It is a major component of the bacterium’s outer membrane and is known to be highly immunogenic, meaning it can stimulate an immune response in the host. Antibodies to this antigen have been found in the blood of infected dogs and are used as a diagnostic marker for brucellosis.

The 25 kDa outer-membrane immunogenic protein is another important surface antigen of Brucella canis. It is also highly immunogenic and has been found to induce a strong antibody response in infected dogs. Studies have shown that this protein is involved in the adhesion of the bacterium to host cells, which is an essential step in the infection process.

Surface antigen D15 is a third antigen that is present on the surface of Brucella canis. It has been found to play a role in the bacterium’s ability to evade the immune system. Studies have shown that this antigen can inhibit the activity of immune cells, making it harder for the host to mount an effective immune response against the infection.

Due to their importance in the immune response to Brucella canis, these surface antigens have been investigated as potential targets for the diagnosis and prevention of brucellosis. Researchers have developed several diagnostic tests that detect the presence of antibodies to these antigens in the blood of infected dogs. Additionally, vaccines based on these antigens have been developed and tested in animal models, with promising results.

In summary, Brucella canis surface antigens 17 kDa, 25 kDa, and D15 are critical components of the immune response to the bacterium. They have been extensively studied and are known to play important roles in the infection process. Their potential as targets for the diagnosis and prevention of brucellosis make them promising candidates for future research and development.

The use of recombinant proteins/cDNA in academic research and therapeutic applications has skyrocketed. However, in heterologous expression systems, successful recombinant protein expression is dependent on a variety of factors, including codon preference, RNA secondary structure, and GC content. When compared to pre-optimization, more and more experimental results demonstrated that the expression level was dramatically increased, ranging from two to hundred times depending on the gene. Bioclone has created a proprietary technology platform that has resulted in the creation of over 6,000 artificially synthesized codon-optimized cDNA clones (cloned in E. coli expression Vector), which are ready for production of the recombinant proteins.

The cDNA (complementary DNA) and recombinant antigens of Brucella canis have various applications in the fields of molecular biology and infectious disease, including:

Gene expression analysis: The cDNA can be used as a template to synthesize complementary RNA (cRNA) which can then be used for microarray or RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis to study gene expression patterns in the bacterium under different conditions.

Antimicrobial resistance studies: The cDNA can be used to study the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Brucella canis, including the identification of genes involved in resistance and the evaluation of the expression of these genes.

Vaccine development: The recombinant antigens of Brucella canis can be used to develop subunit vaccines against the bacterium. These antigens can stimulate the immune system to mount a response against the pathogen.

Diagnostics: The cDNA can be used to develop real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) assays for the rapid and sensitive detection of Brucella canis in clinical specimens, such as blood, synovial fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid.

Serological assays: The recombinant antigens of Brucella canis can be used to develop serological assays, such as ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), to detect the presence of antibodies against the bacterium in dog serum. These assays can be used for the diagnosis of Brucella canis infections in dogs.