Neisseria gonorrhoeae cDNA and Antigen

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a gram-negative, diplococcus bacteria species that is a common cause of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in humans. It is often referred to as the “gonococcus” or simply “gonorrhea.” N. gonorrhoeae is spread through sexual contact and can cause a variety of symptoms in both men and women, including a burning sensation during urination, unusual discharge from the penis or vagina, and pain in the lower abdomen in women. If left untreated, gonorrhea can lead to serious health complications, such as infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, and increased risk for HIV transmission. Treatment for gonorrhea typically involves antibiotics, such as ceftriaxone or azithromycin.This bacterium produces various key antigens and proteins that play a significant role in its pathogenesis. Here are some of the antigens and proteins produced by N. gonorrhoeae and their significance:

Antigen 1220: Antigen 1220 is a surface-exposed protein produced by N. gonorrhoeae. It has been found to induce an immune response in infected individuals, and it may play a role in the host-pathogen interaction and immune evasion mechanisms of N. gonorrhoeae.

Antigen 2001: Antigen 2001 is another surface-exposed protein produced by N. gonorrhoeae. It has been shown to be immunogenic and may play a role in the colonization and survival of N. gonorrhoeae in the human host.

Antigen 1946: Antigen 1946 is a membrane protein produced by N. gonorrhoeae. It has been found to be involved in the formation of biofilms, which are communities of bacteria that adhere to surfaces and can contribute to the persistence of N. gonorrhoeae infections.

Antigen 33: Antigen 33 is a lipoprotein produced by N. gonorrhoeae. It has been shown to be immunogenic and may play a role in the evasion of the host immune response by N. gonorrhoeae.

Opacity protein opA53: Opacity proteins are a family of outer membrane proteins produced by N. gonorrhoeae that are involved in the antigenic variation of the bacterium. OpA53 is a specific type of opacity protein that has been shown to be important for the colonization and persistence of N. gonorrhoeae in the genital tract.

IA (PorB): IA, also known as PorB, is a major outer membrane protein produced by N. gonorrhoeae. It has been found to be involved in the binding and uptake of iron, an essential nutrient for bacterial growth, and may contribute to the survival and proliferation of N. gonorrhoeae in the human host.

Serotype-1-specific antigen: This antigen is specific to certain serotypes of N. gonorrhoeae and has been found to be immunogenic. It may play a role in the host immune response and contribute to the virulence of N. gonorrhoeae.

Omc: Omc, or outer membrane complex, is a protein complex produced by N. gonorrhoeae that has been found to be involved in the biogenesis and maintenance of the bacterial outer membrane. It may play a role in the resistance of N. gonorrhoeae to host immune defenses and antibiotics.

PIII: PIII is a periplasmic protein produced by N. gonorrhoeae that is involved in the transport of iron across the bacterial cell envelope. It has been shown to be important for the survival and growth of N. gonorrhoeae in iron-limited environments, such as the human host.

Type IV pilus assembly protein: Type IV pili are hair-like appendages on the surface of N. gonorrhoeae that are involved in bacterial motility and adherence to host cells. The assembly of type IV pili requires various proteins, including the type IV pilus assembly protein, which is essential for the biogenesis of functional pili. Type IV pili play a crucial role in the colonization and pathogenesis of N. gonorrhoeae.

1291 60 kDa chaperonin: This chaperonin is a molecular chaperone produced by N. gonorrh

In summary, the various antigens and proteins produced by N. gonorrhoeae are critical virulence factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of this bacterium. Studying the function of these proteins can provide insights into the mechanisms underlying N. gonorrhoeae infections and enable the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This knowledge is particularly important given the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of N. gonorrhoeae, underscoring the urgent need for new strategies to combat this STI.

Studying the function of these antigens and proteins is crucial for developing effective diagnostic tools, vaccines, and treatments for N. gonorrhoeae infections. Moreover, given the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of N. gonorrhoeae, understanding the role of these antigens and proteins is increasingly important in developing new strategies for combating this sexually transmitted infection.

The use of recombinant proteins/cDNA in academic research and therapeutic applications has skyrocketed. However, in heterologous expression systems, successful recombinant protein expression is dependent on a variety of factors, including codon preference, RNA secondary structure, and GC content. When compared to pre-optimization, more and more experimental results demonstrated that the expression level was dramatically increased, ranging from two to hundred times depending on the gene. Bioclone has created a proprietary technology platform that has resulted in the creation of over 6,000 artificially synthesized codon-optimized cDNA clones (cloned in E. coli expression Vector), which are ready for production of the recombinant proteins.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae antigen is a protein antigen produced by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It is used in diagnostic tests to detect the presence of the bacterium in a sample. The antigen is typically detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or a rapid antigen test. These tests can be used to detect the presence of the bacterium in bodily fluids, such as urine or swabs from the cervix, urethra, or rectum. A positive result suggests that the individual is infected with N. gonorrhoeae, and appropriate treatment should be sought.

The cDNA (complementary DNA) and recombinant antigen of N. gonorrhoeae can be used in various applications for diagnosis, research, and vaccine development.

Diagnostic Tests: cDNA of N. gonorrhoeae can be used in molecular diagnostic tests to detect the presence of the bacterium in a patient’s sample. This can be done by amplifying a specific genetic target using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and detecting the amplified product using fluorescence or other methods.

Research: cDNA of N. gonorrhoeae can be used in research studies to investigate the genetic characteristics and pathogenesis of the bacterium. Recombinant antigens can also be used to study the immune response to gonorrhea, to identify potential vaccine candidates, and to develop new diagnostic tests.

Vaccine Development: Recombinant antigens of N. gonorrhoeae can be used to develop vaccines against gonorrhea. These vaccines can stimulate the production of specific antibodies that recognize and neutralize the bacterium.