Human rotavirus cDNA and Antigen

Human rotavirus is a highly contagious virus that causes severe gastroenteritis, or inflammation of the stomach and small intestine. It is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children. Symptoms of rotavirus infection include watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain. The virus spreads easily through contaminated hands, surfaces, and food and water. There is a vaccine available to prevent rotavirus infection, which is recommended for all infants. Treatment for rotavirus typically involves rehydration to replace fluids lost due to diarrhea.

The human rotavirus antigen is a component of the virus that elicits an immune response. It is recognized by the immune system as foreign, triggering the production of antibodies that help protect against future infections with the same virus. Antigens can be used in diagnostic tests to identify the presence of a specific virus, or as part of a vaccine to prevent infection. In the case of human rotavirus, a vaccine is available and recommended for all infants. The vaccine works by introducing a harmless piece of the virus, or an antigen, to the immune system, which helps it to recognize and respond to the virus more effectively in the future.

The human rotavirus genome is the complete genetic material of the virus. It consists of 11 segments of double-stranded RNA and is approximately 18-25 kilobases in length. The genome encodes for all the proteins needed for the virus to replicate and cause infection. Understanding the human rotavirus genome is important for the development of treatments and vaccines for gastroenteritis caused by this virus. The genetic diversity of rotavirus strains is also crucial to consider in the development of an effective vaccine, as the virus can rapidly evolve and change over time. Here are some key proteins involved in the structure and function of Human rotavirus:

Inner capsid protein VP6: VP6 is the most abundant protein in the rotavirus inner capsid, and it plays a critical role in the formation and stability of the capsid. VP6 is also a major target for neutralizing antibodies and is used to classify rotaviruses into different serotypes.

Non-structural protein nsp4: nsp4 is a membrane protein that is involved in the replication and pathogenesis of rotavirus. It plays a role in altering calcium signaling in infected cells, leading to the secretion of chloride ions and water into the gut lumen and causing diarrhea.

Major inner capsid protein, VP2: VP2 is a major component of the rotavirus inner capsid and plays a role in the assembly and stability of the capsid. It is also involved in the process of viral entry into host cells.

Outer capsid protein VP4: VP4 is a component of the outer capsid and plays a role in the initial attachment of the virus to host cells. It is also involved in the process of viral entry and is a major target for neutralizing antibodies.

Outer capsid glycoprotein VP7: VP7 is the most abundant glycoprotein in the rotavirus outer capsid and plays a role in the formation and stability of the outer capsid. It is also a major target for neutralizing antibodies and is used to classify rotaviruses into different serotypes.

Understanding the function and structure of these key proteins is crucial for developing effective treatments and vaccines to combat the spread of rotavirus infections.

The use of recombinant proteins/cDNA in academic research and therapeutic applications has skyrocketed. However, in heterologous expression systems, successful recombinant protein expression is dependent on a variety of factors, including codon preference, RNA secondary structure, and GC content. When compared to pre-optimization, more and more experimental results demonstrated that the expression level was dramatically increased, ranging from two to hundred times depending on the gene. Bioclone has created a proprietary technology platform that has resulted in the creation of over 6,000 artificially synthesized codon-optimized cDNA clones (cloned in E.coli expression Vector), which are ready for production of the recombinant proteins.