Human poliovirus cDNA and Antigen

Human poliovirus is a highly infectious virus that can cause paralysis and death. There are three types of poliovirus (types 1, 2, and 3), each of which can cause the disease. Poliovirus is primarily spread through fecal-oral transmission, but it can also be spread through close personal contact with an infected individual. Poliovirus infects the nervous system and can lead to a range of symptoms, including fever, headache, muscle pain, and fatigue. In severe cases, poliovirus can cause paralysis, which can be permanent. Poliovirus was once a major public health problem, but widespread immunization efforts have led to a significant decline in the incidence of the disease. Today, polio is considered to be on the verge of eradication, with only a few cases reported each year in a small number of countries. A vaccine is available to prevent poliovirus infection and is widely used in many countries.

Human poliovirus antigen refers to a protein on the surface of the virus that is recognized by the immune system and triggers an immune response. The presence of poliovirus antigens in a patient’s sample is an effective way to diagnose poliovirus infection. Antigen detection tests for poliovirus are used in clinical settings to confirm the presence of the virus in patients with symptoms of polio. The detection of poliovirus antigens is also used to monitor the effectiveness of polio vaccines, which aim to prevent the spread of the virus by inducing an immune response to the antigens. Antigens play a key role in the development of effective vaccines and diagnostic tests for poliovirus, and a deeper understanding of the structure and function of poliovirus antigens is important for the continued efforts to eradicate the virus.

The human poliovirus genome is the complete genetic material of the virus. It is composed of a single strand of RNA, which codes for the production of essential proteins involved in the replication and pathogenesis of the virus. There are three types of poliovirus (types 1, 2, and 3), each of which has its own distinct genome. The poliovirus genome is highly variable and can lead to the evolution of different strains of the virus. Understanding the poliovirus genome is crucial for developing effective antiviral therapies and vaccines against the virus. Analysis of the poliovirus genome also helps in tracking the spread of the virus and in understanding how it evolves and adapts over time. With the widespread use of polio vaccines and the global effort to eradicate the disease, there has been a significant decline in the incidence of poliovirus, and the virus is considered to be on the verge of eradication.

Human poliovirus 1 and 2 are RNA viruses that belong to the family Picornaviridae. These viruses cause poliomyelitis, a serious infectious disease that affects the nervous system. Here are some key proteins of human poliovirus 1 and 2:

Capsid protein (VP1, VP2, VP3): These proteins make up the protective shell of the virus, called the capsid. They are responsible for attaching to host cells and releasing the viral genome into the cell.

Nonstructural protein protease (3C, 2C, 2A): These proteins are involved in the processing of the viral polyprotein, which is a large protein made up of multiple smaller proteins. They play a crucial role in viral replication and maturation.

Protein (VP1, VP2, VP3, 2A, 2C, 3C): In addition to the capsid and nonstructural proteins, human poliovirus 1 and 2 also encode for several other proteins that are essential for viral replication, such as protein 2A, which is involved in shutting down host cell protein synthesis.

Understanding the functions and interactions of these proteins is crucial for developing effective treatments for poliovirus infections. Vaccination is currently the most effective way to prevent poliomyelitis, but antiviral drugs that target these viral proteins are also being developed to help treat the disease.

The use of recombinant proteins/cDNA in academic research and therapeutic applications has skyrocketed. However, in heterologous expression systems, successful recombinant protein expression is dependent on a variety of factors, including codon preference, RNA secondary structure, and GC content. When compared to pre-optimization, more and more experimental results demonstrated that the expression level was dramatically increased, ranging from two to hundred times depending on the gene. Bioclone has created a proprietary technology platform that has resulted in the creation of over 6,000 artificially synthesized codon-optimized cDNA clones (cloned in E.coli expression Vector), which are ready for production of the recombinant proteins.